Essay about A Comparison of Communism versus Capitalism

A Comparison of Communism versus Capitalism Communism versus Capitalism is a debate that has raged on for over two centuries. Whether to allow everyone equal opportunities and to do with those opportunities as they please or to mandate class equality in order to keep peace has in itself been the cause of wars. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels saw the working class of the world--the proletariat--being squashed by the greedy business owners--the bourgeoisie. In their view, the bourgeoisie owned too much and the proletariat had no chance to make their own fortunes. In Marx and Engels Communist Manifesto, they propose doing away with private property, nationality, and even countries in order to take power away from the bourgeoisie.†¦show more content†¦the oppressed. Smiles believes that the spirit of self-help is the main cause for success in individuals and is the source for the strength of nations. Marx and Engels would disagree. In their opinion the working class have no country because it is all owned by the bourgeoisi e. Smiles sees a world in which every citizen, with hard work and determination, can become as successful as they want to be. He even points out that some will naturally succeed more than others and that everyone may not rise equally. To Smiles this is due to a person’s ability, not the upper class making it impossible. To Marx and Engels, it is exactly the opposite. Marx and Engels believe that the members of the working class are slaves to the bourgeoisie and that the working class had their opportunities for success taken away by industrialization. Perhaps the largest part of Smiles ideas that Marx and Engles would have a problem with would be his thoughts on the poor. To Smiles, the reason the poor are poor is that they are lazy and that they have given up and resigned themselves to their fate. In Smiles eyes, they make no plans for the future and have no hope of ever working their way out of poverty. The poor do not take advantage of the opportunities offered to them by civilization. The ignorance and self-indulgence of the lower classes has in itself been the cause of social degradation and misery. SmilesShow MoreRelatedThemes in Science Fiction Essay example1414 Words   |  6 Pagesin the books, helping to develop some of the themes. The ideas and themes that appear in media are often based on events that occurred during the time in which the work was created, as well as the creator’s own ideals. As a result, through the comparison of the original novels by Wells and their film adaptations, it is possible to see how society as a whole has changed over a century’s time, and how the themes present in these works of science fiction have changed as well. In the novel The TimeRead MoreSmith vs. Marx - a Comparison Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesSmith versus Marx Ââ€" A Comparison S. Glen Balanoff July 04, 2004 Smith versus Marx Ââ€" A Comparison Modern economic society can be described as a combination of certain points from several theories combined into one. Changing dynamics and economic needs of nations has spawned a development of various, and contrasting, economic systems throughout the world. Perhaps the two most contrasting philosophies seen in existence today are that of capitalism and communism. The two philosophers most notablyRead MoreAmerican Anticommunism During the Cold War Essay926 Words   |  4 Pagesto the conclusion of the treacherous Second World War, America prepared itself for a period of peace. This peacetime was short-lived, as America’s tolerance for communism receded this issue became the forefront for American concern. 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Franklin Roosevelt And The New Deal - 881 Words

Franklin Delano Roosevelt had no clue on politics until his campaign for presidency in 1932. He won the election by landslide that â€Å"captured a thundering 58 percent of the popular vote† (Davidson 688). His inaugural speech, â€Å"I pledge you, I pledge myself to a new deal for the American people† (Library of Congress, 1), made America to believe in him so there could be a change in the United States. The start of the new deal was when Roosevelt proposed a record of 15 bills to congress within the first 100 days of office. (Library of congress, 2). During the first days of Roosevelt administration saw the passage of banking reform laws, emergency relief programs, work relief programs, and agricultural programs. Later on a second new deal was to evolve that included Union Protection programs, the Social Security Act, and programs that aid tenant farmers and migrant workers. From FDR’s new deals it created this programs in order to reform the economy to preven t a depression of the scale from happening again. The New Deal was a series of acts that was designed to pull the country out of economy disunion. The Emergency Banking Act was when FDR passed the act in his first days of presidency. This act made the federal government to have an official bank holiday, in which all banks would be shut down for a period of time and where permitted to open within the government approval. 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Roosevelt And The New Deal1827 Words   |  8 PagesJahdiel Evans April 18, 2017 History 1302 Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal Throughout the history of our great nation, certain presidents have been known to stand out from the rest. These prominent leaders are well known for their lasting, if not positive, impact on American society. One such president that fits this category is Franklin D. Roosevelt. In Allan M. Winkler’s biography Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Making of Modern America, the author provides an in-depth examination of Roosevelt’sRead MoreFranklin Delano Roosevelt And The New Deal1987 Words   |  8 Pages Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born in Hyde Park on January 30, 1882. Roosevelt, at age 28, ran for New York State senate where he fought political machines. He became the thirty second president of America in the year 1933, the worst year in the Great Depression. Roosevelt became president as a democrat. He was also president during World War II. 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Chinese Cinderella Extended Response Free Essays

The novel ‘Chinese Cinderella’ is an autobiography written by Adeline Yen Mah, describing her childhood and younger teenage years as an unwanted daugther. Unlike most children, Adeline had a difficult time growing up. All throughout her life she was bullied and looked down upon by most of her family. We will write a custom essay sample on Chinese Cinderella Extended Response or any similar topic only for you Order Now At a young age Adeline is constantly being left behind by her family, leaving her to feel like the unwanted daughter. Throughout the whole novel, Adeline is looked down at and is never acknowledged for her hard work â€Å"Nobody was there to pat my head or congratulate me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  page 17. Adeline’s Father, who is a wealthy businessman, has a small role in the book. This is because Niang seems to be the ‘head of house’. Whenever he is involved, he seems to not care, he is often forgetful or simply uninterested about her, admitting to Adeline â€Å"I have forgotten your Chinese name†¦ † page 140. Even by her siblings Adeline is abused or mistreated, â€Å"But then Mama died giving birth to you. If you had not been born, Mama would still be alive. She’ died because of you. â€Å"You are bad luck. † page 3. †¦He took my right arm under the table and gave it a quick hard twist. † page 10. Although Adeline tries her best to please her father and siblings she is continually being rejected by them. Adeline was looked down on and hated by her family, especially by Niang, who was the hardest to please, throughout Chinese Cinderella, it shows that Niang was never happy with Adeline â€Å"You don’t deserve to be ho used and fed here. Girls like you should be sent away† page 113. Niang physically abuses Adeline by hitting her, kicking her, slapping her. Adeline is always left miserable, lonely and feeling helpless and afraid. One day, Adeline’s classmates had discreetly followed her home, hoping to give her a surprise party. Instead, they heard Niang beating and screaming at her, â€Å"Liar! You planned it, didn’t you, to show off our house to your penniless classmates. How dare you! † page 127. â€Å"I realised Niang’s blows must have caused a nosebleed, and that my face was probably smeared with a mixture of blood, mucus and tears†¦I felt naked and ghastly and vulnerable. † page 129. Niang continues abuse Adeline despite her doing nothing wrong she was unloved by Niang and alone with nobody there to support her. Adeline was different. Her family were the ones who put a label on her and her friends all realised that she was different. She is an unwanted daughter â€Å"†¦despised daughter publicly rejected by her parents. † page 133. Although Adeline is a smart girl going to expensive schools, she does not fit in very well with her classmates. This is because Adeline â€Å"†¦neither receives eggs or visits† â€Å"†¦rushing around in that infantile brown dress. page 194. In chapter 18 is shows that Adeline hates being â€Å"the object of anyone’s charity or pity† Page 195. Even though it is clear Adeline and her classmates were never really on the same level of friendship. Back in the primary school in Shanghai, Adeline where tried hard to fit in with her classmates, She befriended Wu Chun-Mei who quickly became her best f riend, the only one she had during primary. In conclusion all through Adeline’s life Niang shows multiple times through the book that Adeline is not a loved child in her family. How to cite Chinese Cinderella Extended Response, Essay examples

Comparative Business Ethics and Social Responsibility OR Stakeholder

Questions: 1. Which is the national advertising division's most important stakeholder, businesses or consumers? 2. Do you believe the BBB can be truly impartial given its financial dependence on business? 3. What actions would you take to ensure an ethical misconduct disaster such as the pay-for-pay scheme does not happen again? Answers: Introduction: Within the United States, the National Marketing Division, Better Business Bureau is quite renowned as a self-regulatory trade association. The key objective of this association is developing an environment where all buyers as well as sellers grow mutual trust. The organization is one of the most effective watchdog groups that introduces a famous scheme called pay for play. Here in the scheme, rating A is given to individuals for paying membership fees(Fischer, 2004). Rating F is given to individuals as a penalty to those who do not pay. The rating shows that it would not be worth for the clients and may be identified as misleading. This is related to lack of honesty as well as trust, and that anyone may lodge complaints against the operations of Better Business Bureau. All operations of the organization are financed by the fees that business firms usually pay during enrolment (Ibrahim, Angelidis and Howard, 2006). Most ethical aspects arise on account of the financial influences wit hin the rating framework. Thus, this report would analyze the ethical aspects as well as misconducts pursued by the organization Better Business Bureau (BBB), along with the impacts upon the organizational stakeholders. Besides, it would also recommend of mitigating unethical practices that often lead to negative outcomes of all stakeholders. Involved Stakeholders: Stakeholders are the elements who get influenced whether directly or indirectly in positive or negative manner by organizational decisions. Stakeholders usually involve organizational employees, shareholders, employers, customers, government, suppliers, community, and ecosystem. For Better Business Bureau, commonly all renowned organizations have definite set of policy related to payment of membership fees for joining the association(Korhonen, 2003). This would be in order to generate advantages of increased rating within comparing with other businesses. It has been identified that the scheme of pay to play has a negative outcome upon the businesses. The unreliable procedure of rating of the firm confirms higher ratings to firms that pay fees and low ratings to the ones that have not paid. For non-accredited business, rating process is quite significant (Matten and Moon, 2004). The process of rating impacts the purchase decisions of the clients. The scheme has impacted upon the clien ts in selection of the accredited business instead of non-accredited ones. As a result, non-accredited firms lose their customers despite offering enhanced quality of products and services. This organization Better Business Bureau needs some business firms as joiners for providing improved services to customers. From evidences it is clear that the association may not successfully develop trust in absence of active participation from business firms. Thus, naturally business organizations are essential stakeholders of BBB. As identified, BBB has formed a developed platform whereby customers may easily access the organizational website without paying any fees. The clients may check out all ratings of organizations accredited by BBB. It is important to note that clients usually rely on BBB more than that if the Federal Trade Commission. Organizations increasingly support BBB for enhancing their brand image as well as recognition. When clients do not attach adequate importance to BBB, the organizations would not invest anymore upon BBB. Thus, it may be said that clients are the most important stakeholders of Better Business Bureau. Ethical considerations enable confirmation of the correctness or misdirection of specific firms that operates freely irrespective of the stakeholder liabilities. Market orientation may be thought as an important portion of marketing approaches (Matten and Moon, 2004). However, the roles and responsibilities of the clients within improvements of ethical activities and even in social obligation are yet dicey. Business organizations participate in competitive market, and thus market orientation as well as consumer focus are identified as key factors to determine performances of market activities. Excessive competition promotes business organizations for adopting unethical practices (Moore and Jie Wen, 2008). When BBB generates unjustified rating, clients often get misguided. They become more interested in paying for some items or services which a licensed business may provide as compensation for the paid amount to Better Business Bureau for increasing cost. The key responsibility of the organization is to impart strengthening legal protection to clients. This would be supportive in developing mutual expectation. This also builds trust and help in dealing fairly. The model of Moral Management states that ethical code of conduct, legal orientation, and organizational objectives are key factors that contribute in maintaining ethical standards in case of customers. As per this model, management must emphasize upon achieving success by means of ethical practices. Thus, ethical leadership is very important. This approach supports organization in identifying most preferred direction of all organizational activities. This model emphasizes upon adopting ethical standards since this acts as an integral strategy, thereby ensuring organizational success. Ethical values are helpful in restructuring management and also providing opportunities to make effective decisions. Besides, these develop an effective system within the organizations (Moore and J ie Wen, 2008). The organization Better Business Bureau should stress on ethical issues to create a rating framework. Such an integrated method of BBB would support organization in choosing common point of references and impart better services. This manner would improve the rating system of BBB. Better Business Bureau: Is it partial? This organization has confronted some key controversial matters relating to its rating policies. Major concerns about ethics have impacted its reputation as well as recognition. A controversy started while a renowned restaurant named Ritz Carlton Hotel got F rating from BBB, though it never received complaints. All clients were quite confused since they could not make out how can such a famous restaurant gets poor rating like that(Schaefer, 2007). Later, it was identified that all organizations paying higher charges to the association received a higher rating. Also, companies not paying any charge to the association received poor ratings. This led to severe criticisms of Better Business Bureau. The concept of pay for play was quite fraudulent in nature that rates higher for money. This unethical practice of BBB was severely criticized. The customers were misguided thoroughly. This occurred at the Los Angeles branch of BBB. Thus, many firms lodged complaints against the unfair rating system. Another concerning issue was identified with BBB. They were quite friendly with the business firms. When clients lodge complaints against the association, BBB asked clients to fill up some additional information within the complaint form(Shaw, 2008). Thus, these were sold to the organizations for helping them identify all their weaknesses to work upon those. Customers were quite upset with behavior of BBB. Besides this, it was also identified that the association was engaged in partnership with other firms to ensure profit for both. As per non-accredited organizations, BBB avoided the organizations that did not pay charges. It had completely ignored the ethical responsibilities. This had affected its reputation by lowering its value towards customers (Shi and Sun, 2014). On analyzing important issues of BBB, it was identified that stakeholders need to be emphasized immensely by the association. Theory of stakeholders helps management of any firm to facilitate investigation for identifying best suited approach to fit organizations firmly in the environment. Also, it enables identification of work mechanisms that creates positive impacts upon the stakeholders. As per the theory of Freeman, avoiding stakeholders is an unethical practice and leads to negative impacts upon the firm (Trong Tuan, 2012). On other side, concept of corporate social responsibility identifies four major areas: economic, legal, social, and ethical responsibility. As per the theory, the firm must emphasize upon achieving profit by means of corporate activities in ethical manner. Certainly, BBB did not succeed in this matter. Revenues for BBB are generated from fees of membership that are gathered from organizations interested in. The association does not receive any funds from governmental agencies. Again, the association also lags in the area of legal responsibilities. This would mean that organizations need to adhere to legal rules and regulations that BBB does not. This enables building of trust amidst customers and stakeholders. It failed to maintain any particular procedure of rules or regulations (Whelan, 2013). The branch of BBB had reduced personnel expenses that excluded any sort of rudiments which will allow the association to judge right complaints of businesses. Several firms have faced the consequences of decisions taken by unprofessional personnel. Besides, factor of ethical responsibility that deals with incorporating right things ensure success of BBB. This reflects the cultural side of the firms. As per this theory, business must be perceived as societal citizen by BBB but it lacked transparency. Also, quality was a concern in case of BBB. This had created a lot of trust issue amidst the customers. The association had built a highly confusing rating system in its environment. Also, complaint system was defective in nature since clients could hardly read out issues. This led to enough confusion about its genuineness. Recommendations about ethical misconduct: The key issues with the rating system pay for play framework of BBB is that of selling of membership. It forms an ethical misconduct on behalf of the association. To ensure that such misconduct is not repeated, the association must emphasize on four key factors effectiveness, context, values, and leadership (Bures, 2014). Practicing ethical issues must be guided by definite values. Some employees of BBB had agreed to counteract the greedy acts and breaking of laws. Thus, understanding organizational ethics is very important. Ethical considerations enable confirmation of the correctness or misdirection of specific firms that operates freely irrespective of the stakeholder liabilities. Market orientation may be thought as an important portion of marketing approaches. However, the roles and responsibilities of the clients within improvements of ethical activities and even in social obligation are yet dicey. Further, as perceived by leaders, all employees at BBB lacked in decision-making skills and leadership skills(Attig and Cleary, 2014). Business leaders need to be effective in their communication and managing skills for motivating others to pursue ethical standards. Some of the employees at BBB who have earlier broken the laws at the association were made to pay penalties for that. Although the association had followed increased idealistic beliefs as well as standards, it failed to support the company. So, following improved standards, giving rewards to the customers, and bestowing with penalties may hel p BBB in improving ethics. The association needs to ensure that it is thoroughly aware of all ethics related practices within BBB environment (Bures, 2014). For preventing misconducts within BBB and assuring no existence of confusion amidst customers regarding the scheme of pay for play, it must adopt some key measures: It must create a favorable workplace policy that must align with company philosophy, mission statement, and code of conduct. Utilizing the policy of the association along with management performance to hold employees accountable for deeds and acknowledge them about roles in professional standards. Effective feedback may help BBB in confirming successful ethical practices(Debeljak and Krkac, 2008). BBB must introduce training sessions to train employees about workplace ethics that may enable them to stay aware of the organizational ethics. The association may lose huge opportunities of business if it fails to abide by the rules and regulations. BBB may implement confidential hotlines that would enable employees to communicate with the management whenever any misconduct is witnessed internally. This may restrict the practice of unethical behavior (Alnder, 2011). It may apply developed workplace policy on a constant basis to address ethical aspects associated to workplace. BBB needs to communicate its ethical expectations to every employee level from top to bottom and this can ensure that all employees are well aware of the ethical standards of the association (Whelan, 2013). BBB needs to manage risks proactively. It must introduce an effective reporting system which would support examining of issues which BBB faces in its environment. It may even use the six sigma process for making the reporting system highly effective. It needs to confirm that every reporter responsible for specific task gives authentic details. Also, it may select third party vendor to ensure reliable resources. Conclusion: As conclusion, reports describe all ethical matters faced by BBB on account of unethical system of rating. It states that the scheme of pay for play proved to be unethical for clients and businesses. For resolving these issues, it is necessary to understand the wants and objectives of the related stakeholders. The report also focuses on important stakeholders of NAD division, both customers that were indirect stakeholders and that of the businesses that were direct stakeholders (Shi and Sun, 2014). As a myth it is believed that BBB processes were impartial other than the scheme of pay for play that created discrimination amidst accredited as well as non-accredited business by means of collecting fees. It has been identified that the scheme of pay to play has a negative outcome upon the businesses (Whelan, 2013). The unreliable procedure of rating of the firm confirms higher ratings to firms that pay fees and low ratings to the ones that have not paid. For non-accredited business, rat ing process is quite significant. The process of rating impacts the purchase decisions of the clients(Attig and Cleary, 2014). The scheme has impacted upon the clients in selection of the accredited business instead of non-accredited ones. On other side, concept of corporate social responsibility identifies four major areas: economic, legal, social, and ethical responsibility. As per the theory, the firm must emphasize upon achieving profit by means of corporate activities in ethical manner. Certainly, BBB did not succeed in this matter. Also, quality was a concern in case of BBB. This had created a lot of trust issue amidst the customers. The association had built a highly confusing rating system in its environment. Also, complaint system was defective in nature since clients could hardly read out issues. This led to enough confusion about its genuineness. References Alnder, M. (2011). Corporate Social Responsibility as Subsidiary Co-Responsibility: A Macroeconomic Perspective.Journal of Business Ethics, 99(1), pp.115-128. Attig, N. and Cleary, S. (2014). Managerial Practices and Corporate Social Responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics. Bures, O. (2014). Political Corporate Social Responsibility: Including High Politics?.Journal of Business Ethics. Debeljak, J. and Krkac, K. (2008). Ethics and morality in business practice.Social Responsibility Journal, 4(1/2). Fischer, J. (2004). Social Responsibility and Ethics: Clarifying the Concepts.Journal of Business Ethics, 52(4), pp.381-390. Ibrahim, N., Angelidis, J. and Howard, D. (2006). Corporate Social Responsibility: A Comparative Analysis of Perceptions of Practicing Accountants and Accounting Students.Journal of Business Ethics, 66(2-3), pp.157-167. Korhonen, J. (2003). On the Ethics of Corporate Social Responsibility Considering the Paradigm of Industrial Metabolism.Journal of Business Ethics, 48(4), pp.301-315. Matten, D. and Moon, J. (2004). Corporate Social Responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics, 54(4), pp.323-337. Moore, S. and Jie Wen, J. (2008). Business ethics? A global comparative study on corporate sustainability approaches.Social Responsibility Journal, 4(1/2), pp.172-184. Schaefer, B. (2007). Shareholders and Social Responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics, 81(2), pp.297-312. Shaw, W. (2008). Marxism, Business Ethics, and Corporate Social Responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics, 84(4), pp.565-576. Shi, G. and Sun, J. (2014). Corporate Bond Covenants and Social Responsibility Investment.Journal of Business Ethics. Trong Tuan, L. (2012). The linkages among leadership, trust, and business ethics.Social Responsibility Journal, 8(1), pp.133-148. Whelan, G. (2013). Political Corporate Social Responsibility: Some Clarifications.Business Ethics Journal Review, pp.63-68.